
Have you ever wondered how your daily activity patterns could be linked to your overall health and longevity? A recent study, using wearable devices, has shed some light on this intriguing question. The researchers analyzed the 24-hour activity data from wearable devices of over 7,000 U.S. adults. They found five distinct activity patterns: "High activity", "Low activity", "Mild circadian rhythm (CR) disruption", "Severe CR disruption", and "Very low activity". Circadian rhythm refers to our internal body clock that regulates our sleep-wake cycle and other bodily functions.
Interestingly, young adults with severe disruption in their circadian rhythm appeared healthy but had higher white blood cell counts and showed signs of accelerated biological aging. Similarly, older adults with disrupted circadian rhythms had increased systemic inflammation, advanced biological aging, and a higher risk of mortality. This suggests that even if you feel healthy, your activity patterns could be telling a different story.
The findings highlight the importance of maintaining a regular circadian rhythm for longevity across all ages. The data from wearable devices can help identify at-risk populations and personalize treatments for healthier aging. So, the next time you check your step count on your wearable device, remember, it's not just about the number of steps, but also about when you take them!
Article Information
Published in Scientific Reports. Jinjoo Shim et al.
Repeated disruptions in circadian rhythms are associated with implications for health outcomes and longevity. The utilization of wearable devices in quantifying circadian rhythm to elucidate its connection to longevity, through continuously collected data remains largely unstudied. In this work, we investigate a data-driven segmentation of the 24-h accelerometer activity profiles from wearables as a novel digital biomarker for longevity in 7,297 U.S. adults from the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Using hierarchical clustering, we identified five clusters and described them as follows: "High activity", "Low activity", "Mild circadian rhythm (CR) disruption", "Severe CR disruption", and "Very low activity". Young adults with extreme CR disturbance are seemingly healthy with few comorbid conditions, but in fact associated with higher white blood cell, neutrophils, and lymphocyte counts (0.05-0.07 log-unit, all p < 0.05) and accelerated biological aging (1.42 years, p < 0.001). Older adults with CR disruption are significantly associated with increased systemic inflammation indexes (0.09-0.12 log-unit, all p < 0.05), biological aging advance (1.28 years, p = 0.021), and all-cause mortality risk (HR = 1.58, p = 0.042). Our findings highlight the importance of circadian alignment on longevity across all ages and suggest that data from wearable accelerometers can help in identifying at-risk populations and personalize treatments for healthier aging.